Solution
When a LabVIEW web application is built, the process creates a configuration file called "niembeddedws.conf" which is necessary for interacting with the web service. If this file is missing, the web application will not work properly.
To fix the issue, validate that the web service is selected in the real-time application property, as shown in the image below:

After that, built again the application and check that the "niembeddedws.conf" was created.