Solution
LabVIEW has no APIs for reading raw ethernet packets, LabVIEW has several APIs that can be used for communication over Ethernet which are documented in this document:
Using the Right Networking Protocol . However, you cannot go lower than that using native LabVIEW functions since they follow a protocol and cannot read raw packets. A workaround is to use a wrapper for a third-party library used for ethernet packet sniffing. In the following link, you can find a community example that provides a library of VIs that work together to wrap various ethernet packet sniffing functions available from WinPcap, a Windows packet capture program:
Ethernet Packet Sniffer Utility Using WinPcap Functions example.