Solution
There is not currently a native NI solution for database connectivity directly from Linux devices. There are, however, third-party add-ons for LabVIEW that implement database connectivity on Linux, including the SQLite Library for LabVIEW by Dr. James Powell and the Raima Database API for LabVIEW.
As an alternate approach, if you have a Windows machine available, you can also use this as an intermediary between your database and your RT device. To do this, you would create a program that receives data (via network shared variables or other methods) from the RT device and then uses the Database Connectivity Toolkit to write this data into your database.