Yes, you can use analog inputs on a DAQ device that can accept the output signal type of your microphone. You will need to consider signal type and range. Further, you will want to consider the desired accuracy for your application.
First, ensure you understand the basics of
measuring sound with microphones.
Second, consider using native LabVIEW analysis functions for
signal analysis.
To make this process easier, NI produces hardware and software specifically designed for high quality sound and vibration measurement in many applications.